Contract situations create a push to ‘do stuff.’ At the same time, teams are often constrained by the contract from having a ‘generalizing specialist’ approach. The resulting rigid, Gantt-chart-as-deity execution results in people creating figurative dust storms of activity and product pieces long before they can be integrated. Trying to account for their busy-ness, teams put such items into an increasingly cluttered backlog. As with many Waterfall projects, activity supplants working product.